Where each ingredient works.

NMN raises it². Left unchecked, CD38 (your body's natural NAD+ disposal enzyme) breaks it down as fast as you make it. Apigenin and luteolin block CD38⁴⁶: what you build you keep, and pterostilbene and ergothioneine spend it on cellular repair. Riboflavin turns the spent form back into NAD+ at Complex I⁶, and TMG supplies the methyl groups that clear the nicotinamide NMN leaves behind.

They run on the NAD+ that NMN supplies. Pterostilbene and cordycepin activate them.

Pterostilbene and cordycepin activate it.

Creatine and NMN raise its activity in muscle cells³⁷, which then build new protein. Spermidine lowers it at night, and the cells recycle worn parts instead.

Sugar and MCT's ketones feed it. Riboflavin's FMN and FAD run Complex I and II⁶. Ubiquinol carries the electrons from one complex to the next; when ubiquinol runs short, electrons leak off as reactive oxygen instead of becoming ATP. Taurine helps assemble Complex I. PQQ works beside ubiquinol in the chain. Creatine holds a reserve of it³. Both cordyceps raise ATP output.

Creatine fills it, in muscle and in the brain³.

MCT becomes ketones⁴⁰ and raises the fat you burn⁶⁴.

NMN improves glucose uptake³⁷. Creatine lowers HbA1c³⁸. Cinnamon lowers fasting glucose³⁶. The sugar in the mug is the first fuel.

PQQ raises PGC-1α¹¹. NAD+ from NMN raises the number of mitochondria³¹. TMG, MCT's capric acid, rhodiola's salidroside, pterostilbene and cordycepin raise it too.

Reishi's triterpenes and cordycepin keep mitochondrial fusion and fission in balance.

Coffee and pterostilbene tag them each morning¹⁴. Spermidine digests them overnight¹³.

Spermidine raises it³².

Ergothioneine concentrates inside the mitochondria, where the oxidation happens. Ubiquinol lowers the reactive oxygen mitochondria leak⁴⁵. Taurine raises superoxide dismutase⁴⁹. Apigenin raises glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase⁶³. Reishi's triterpenes lower oxidised DNA⁵⁷. Luteolin and PQQ protect the mitochondrial membrane, and riboflavin's FAD runs glutathione reductase.

Luteolin, reishi and both cordyceps turn it on.

Luteolin quiets microglia and stabilises mast cells. Apigenin, reishi's triterpenes and cordycepin suppress NF-κB. Ergothioneine and spermidine keep damaged mitochondria from releasing their DNA, which the immune system reads as a bacterial invader⁴⁴.

Apigenin and luteolin reduce what they release.

Pterostilbene and NMN supply the repair enzymes with NAD+. Creatine³ and reishi⁵⁷ lower oxidised DNA. Ergothioneine stops the oxidation at its source.

TMG lowers homocysteine²³ and supplies the methyl groups that clear NMN's nicotinamide, luteolin and the coffee's polyphenols, and collagen's glycine. Creatine cuts the demand: making your own creatine is the body's largest use of methyl groups, and the creatine in the mug stops that synthesis. Riboflavin runs the MTHFR step.

Erinacine A (5 mg a day in Rewire and Healthspan Coffee) and erinacine C cross into the brain and raise NGF there¹. Hericenones raise NGF in astrocytes⁴², and reishi's triterpenes do the same. Lion's mane's fruiting body, ergothioneine and spermidine raise BDNF⁷⁰.

Lion's mane's erinacines send NGF to the acetylcholine neurons¹ and, with ergothioneine and luteolin, keep the dopamine neurons alive. Phosphatidylserine releases acetylcholine⁵⁵, and the acetyl half of it is made from sugar.

Coffee blocks adenosine, the signal that makes you sleepy, for the morning³⁰. L-theanine steadies glutamate and GABA²¹. Apigenin and taurine calm through GABA, and collagen's glycine is a calming transmitter in its own right. Under stress, rhodiola keeps dopamine and serotonin at normal levels so mental performance holds⁵¹. Reishi calms: it strengthens GABA, holds histamine in the mast cells, and raises serotonin by way of the gut, which is how it eases anxiety and lifts mood⁵⁹. Spermidine adjusts the glutamate receptor.

TMG supplies the methyl groups that make melatonin and clear dopamine and noradrenaline once used. Vitamin B6 makes dopamine, serotonin and GABA, and riboflavin activates it.

Phosphatidylserine brings the cortisol response back to normal under chronic stress⁵⁵. L-theanine²¹, rhodiola⁵¹ and reishi⁵⁹ ease the stress you feel.

PQQ raises blood flow to the brain¹¹. Luteolin raises brain oxygenation⁵². Creatine lowers the oxygen the brain uses for the same work⁴¹.

Reishi's β-glucan raises T-cell and natural-killer counts⁵⁶. Cordyceps sinensis raises natural-killer activity⁵⁴, cordycepin too⁶¹. Lion's mane's β-glucans do the same.

Acacia fibre feeds them. The mushrooms' β-glucans do the same.

Coffee in the morning anchors the clock to the day. Spermidine's recycling runs overnight. The clock's sirtuins run on NAD+.

Pterostilbene lowers systolic blood pressure³⁵. TMG lowers homocysteine²³. Taurine raises exercise time and distance⁵⁰. Ubiquinol, PQQ and riboflavin act on the same markers.

Taurine holds the cell's pH steady when the cell is working hard, and buffers calcium. Luteolin holds the mitochondrial membrane potential. Phosphatidylserine is the membrane itself.

Knee pain eases by week twelve⁵⁸.